Excepted packages are packages in which the allowed radioactive content is restricted to such low levels that the potential hazards are insignificant and therefore no testing is required with regard to containment or shielding integrity. A common example of an excepted package is the postal package used to carry radiopharmaceuticals for medical purposes. Excepted Packages
Industrial Packages
Industrial Packages (IP) are sub-divided into three categories designated as IP- 1, IP-2, and IP-3, which differ regarding the degree to which they are required to withstand routine and normal conditions of transport (See table below). The required tests simulate normal transport conditions such as a fall from a vehicle, exposure to rain, or being struck by a sharp object, or having other cargo stacked on top. Packages used in industry such as steel drums or bins could meet these various requirements, but purpose designed packages are also frequently used. The choice depends on the characteristics of the material. Some typical materials transported in industrial packages are low-level and intermediate-level radioactive waste, or ores containing naturally occurring radionuclides (e.g. uranium or thorium) and concentrates of such ores.
Industrial Package Requirements
Criteria
IP-1
IP-2
IP-3
General requirements for all packages Additional pressure and temperature requirements if transported by air the tests for a Type A package are also required Each of the following tests must be preceded by a water spray test: Free drop (from 0.3 to 1.2 metres, depending on the mass of the package) Stacking or compression Penetration (6kg bar dropped from 1 metre)
The surface must be >5uSv/h and no hazard diamond is required.
General requirements for all packages Additional pressure and temperature requirements if transported by air
General requirements for all packages Additional pressure and temperature requirements if transported by air
Design requirements
As mentioned above, the package classification can change throughout the cycle of use. For example, while transporting material via throughout the Mixed Metal route, a Half Height Iso Freight container is rated as an IP2 however, once the container is empty it can be classed as an Excepted Package if transport contamination and radiation dose limits as prescribed by regulations are adhered to.
Free drop (from 0.3 to 1.2 metres, depending on the mass of the package) Stacking or compression
Test requirements - normal transport conditions
An Introduction to Waste Management at Sellafield Ltd 18
An Introduction to Waste Management at Sellafield Ltd 19
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